Daya Hambat Esktrak Daun Alpukat Hass (Persea americana Mill) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Escherichia coli

Abstract

The high incidence of Escherichia coli infections and increasing antibiotic resistance necessitate the development of natural-based alternative treatments. Hass avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill.) are known to contain bioactive compounds with potential antibacterial properties. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Hass avocado leaf extract in inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli at various concentrations. This experimental study used a Randomized Post Test Only Control Group Design. Treatments consisted of Hass avocado leaf extract at concentrations of 35 ppm, 45 ppm, 55 ppm, and 65 ppm, with a positive control of ampicillin 10 µg/disc and a negative control of 96% ethanol solvent. Antibacterial activity was tested using the disc diffusion method on Mueller–Hinton agar, and inhibition zone diameters were measured. Data were analyzed statistically using One Way ANOVA followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. Results showed that the Hass avocado leaf extract produced inhibition zones measuring 1.95 mm, 2.58 mm, 4.23 mm, and 5.42 mm for concentrations of 35 ppm, 45 ppm, 55 ppm, and 65 ppm, respectively. Statistical analysis indicated significant differences among treatments, except between 35 ppm and 45 ppm which did not differ significantly. This indicates that increasing extract concentration affects the inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli. Conclusion: Hass avocado leaf extract (Persea americana Mill.) at concentrations of 35 ppm, 45 ppm, 55 ppm, and 65 ppm can inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli. There are differences in inhibitory activity among the various extract concentrations, with inhibitory effect increasing as extract concentration increases.