Hambor as Little Narrative in Managing Conflict and Peace Situation in Manggarai, Flores, East Nusa Tenggara
Keywords:
Hambor, little narrative, Bourdieu, conflict, peace
Abstract
This article explores the practice of Hambor tradition as little narrative in managing conflict and peace situations in Manggarai, Eastern Indonesia. Hambor, which means peace, is a component of local wisdom and a strategy for resolving conflict based on local culture. There are several issues to address, including the following: what is the meaning, impact, and manifestation of Hambor for Manggarai people on a personal and social level? What is the role of Hambor tradition in managing conflict and peace in Manggarai? This research used the ethnographic method through the genetic structuralism approach developed by the French philosopher and sociologist Pierre Bourdieu to understand the meaning, impact, and implementation of the Hambor process in daily life by the Manggaraian speech community. The research result shows that Hambor is the leading force in creating peace and harmony for the Manggarai people. Hambor is the substance of harmony between humans, the world (tana lino), the ancestors (wura agu ceki), and the God (Mori Kraéng). Hambor process in Manggarai will be useful if it is based on a mutual commitment to overcoming disputes, transformative option (post-conflict), and the involvement and willingness of perpetrator and victim to forgive one another.
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References
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Chopra, Rohit. 2003. Neoliberalism as Doxa: Bourdieu’s Theory of the State and the Contemporary Indian Discourse on Globalization and Liberalization. Cultural Studies: 17 (3-4) 419-444. DOI: 10.1080/0950238032000083881
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Binder, Geoffrey. 2012. Theory(zing)/Practice: The Model of Recursive Cultural Adaptation. Planning Theory, 11 (3) 221-241. DOI: 10.1177/1473095211433570
Schlerka, Sebastian Matthias. 2019. It’s Time for a Change: A Bourdieusian Approach on Social Change. Time and Society, 28 (3) 1013-1038. DOI: 10.1177/0961463X18778459
O’Brien, Stephen & Mairtin Ó Fathaigh. 2005. Bringing in Bourdieu’s Theory of Social Capital: Renewing Learning Partnership Approaches to Social Inclusion. Irish Educational Studies, 24 (1) 65-76. DOI: 10.1080/03323310500184509
Mu, Guanglun Michael. 2021. Sociologising Resilience through Bourdieu’s Field analysis: Misconceptualisation, Conceptualisation, and Reconceptualisation. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 42 (1) 15-31. DOI: 10.1080/01425692.2020.1847634
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Nentwich, Julia C., Mustafa F. Ozbilgin & Ahu Tatli. 2015. Change Agency as Performance and Embeddedness: Exploring the Possibilities and Limits of Butler and Bourdieu. Culture and Organization, 21 (3) 235-250. DOI: 10.1080/14759551.2013.851080
Cahill, Kevin M. 2016. The Habitus, Coping Practice, and the Search for the Ground of Action. Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 46 (5) 498-524. DOI: 10.1177/0048393116654664
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1990a. In Other Words. Essays Towards a Reflexive Sociology. California: Stanford University Press.
Zahle, Julie. 2017. Ability Theories of Practice and Turner’s Criticism of Bourdieu. Journal of General Philosophy of Science, 48, 553-567. DOI 10.1007/s10838-0169355-7
Decoteau, Claire Laurier. 2016. The Reflexive Habitus: Critical Realist and Bourdieusian Social Action. European Journal of Social Theory, 19 (3) 303-321. DOI: 10.1177/1368431015590700
Greenfell, Michael. 2010. Being Critical: the Practical Logic of Bourdieu’s Metanoia. Critical Studies in Education. 51 (1) 85-99. DOI: 10.1080/17508480903450240
Pileggi, Mary & Cindy Patton.2003.Introduction: Bourdieu and Cultural Studies. Cultural Studies, 17 (3-4) 313-325. DOI: 10.1080/0950238032000083863
Schatzki, Theodore. 2018. Theory and Conceptual Centrality in Bourdieu. Anthropological Theory, 18 (4) 502-508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1463499618811721
Husu, Hanna-Mari. 2013. Bourdieu and Social Movements: Considering Identity Movements in Terms of Field, Capital and Habitus. Social Movement Studies, 12 (3) 264-279. DOI 10.1080/14742837.2012.704174
Udasmoro, Wening & Saeful Anwar. 2019. Contesting the Social Spaces: Gender Relations of Literary Communities in Yogyakarta and Surakarta. Indonesian Journal of Geography, 51 (3) 346-356. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijg.44165
Ancelovici, Marcos. 2021. Bourdieu in Movement: Toward a Field Theory of Contentious Politics. Social Movement Studies, 20 (2) 155-173. DOI: 10.1080/14742837.2019.1637727
Goldberg, Chad Alan. 2013. Struggle and Solidarity: Civic Republican Elements in Pierre Bourdieu’s Political Sociology. Theory and Society, 42 (4) 369-394. DOI: 10.1007/ s11186-013-9194-z
Julien, Chris.2015. Bourdieu, Social Capital and Online Interaction. Sociology, 49 (2) 356-373. DOI: 10.1177/0038038514535862
Hess, David J. 2011. Bourdieu and Science and Technology Studies: Toward a Reflexive Sociology. Minerva, 49 (3) 333-348. DOI: 10.1007/sl 1024-011-9178-y
Huang, Siaowei. 2019. Understanding Bourdieu – Cultural Capital and Habitus. Review of European Studies, 11 (3) 45-49. doi:10.5539/res.v11n3p45
Ivana, Greti-Iulia. 2017. Fake It Till You Make It: Imagined Social Capital. The Sociological Review, 65 (1) 52-66. DOI: 10.1111/1467-954X.12368
Lo, Ming-Cheng Miriam. 2015. Conceptualising “Unrecognized Cultural Currencyâ€: Bourdieu and Everyday Resistance among the Dominated. Theory and society, 44:125152. DOI 10.1007/s11186-015-9249-4
Barrett, Timothy. 2015. Storying Bourdieu: Fragments toward a Bourdieusian
Approach to “Life Historiesâ€. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 1-10. DOI: 10.1177/1609406915621399
Jæger, Mads Meier. 2011. Does Cultural Capital Really Affect Academic Achievement? New Evidence from Combined Sibling and Panel Data. Sociology of Education, 84 (4) 281-298. DOI: 10.1177/0038040711417010
Samuel, Chris. 2013. Symbolic Violence and Collective Identity: Pierre Bourdieu and the Ethics of Resistance. Social Movement Studies.12 (4) 397-413. DOI: 10.1080/14742837.2013.823345
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1986. “The Forms of Capitalâ€, in J. Richardson (Ed.). Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Udasmoro, Wening. 2018. When the Teens Narrate the Selves in Indonesian Literature: Gender, Subject, and Power. Lingua Cultura. 12 (1) 53-60. DOI: 10.21512/ lc.v12i1.1961
Carré, Louis. 2021. An “Enchanted†or a “Fragmented†Social World? Recognition and Domination in Honneth and Bourdieu. Critical Horizons, 22 (1) 89-109. DOI: 10.1080/14409917.2019.1616481
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1993. Sociology in Question. London: Sage Publications.
Loyal, Steven & Stephen Quilley. 2017. The Particularity of the Universal. Critical Reflections on Bourdieu Theory of Symbolic Power and the State. Theory & Society, 46:429-462. DOI 10.1007/s11186-017-9298-y
Swartz, David L. 1997. Cultures and Power: The Sociology of Pierre Bourdieu. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Matthäus, Sandra. 2017. Towards the Role of Self, Worth, and Feelings in (Re-) Producing Social Dominance. Explicating Pierre Bourdieu’s Implicit Theory of Affect. Historical Social Research, Vol. 42 (4) 75-92. DOI: 10.12759/hsr.42.2017.4.75-92
Maton, Karl. 2008. “Habitusâ€, in Michael Grenfell (ed.). Pierre Bourdieu, Key Concepts. Durham: Acumen.
Kaunang, Hendrikus. P. & Maksimilianus Jemali. 2018. “Local Culture as a Peace Instrument: Lonto Leok Philosophy and Harmony Among Religious Adherents in Manggarai, East Nusa Tenggara†(Proceeding Book of International Symposium on Religious Life (ISRL) 2018: Religion in a Divided, Multicultural World: Moderation, Fragmentation and Radicalization).
Sofjan, Dicky. October 2018. Pancasila and the Dignity of Humankind. International Journal of Interreligious and Intercultural Studies, 1 (1), 1-3. https://doi.org/10.32795/ ijiis.vol1.iss1.2018.82
Venn, Couze. 2020. Historicity, Responsibility, Subjectivity. Subjectivity, 13, 5-38. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41286-020-00090-0
Ignatow, Gabe & Laura Robinson. 2017. Pierre Bourdieu: Theorizing the Digital. Information, Communication & Society, 20 (7) 950-966. DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2017.1301519
Skinner, Robert. 2020. Contesting Forms of Capital: Using Bourdieu to Theorise Why Obstacles to Peace Education Exist in Colombia. Journal of Peace Education, 17 (3) 3346-369. DOI: 10.1080/17400201.2020.1801400
Klempe, Sven Hroar. 2018. “Postmodernism and Crises in Psychology. Human Arena. 1: 373-385. https://doi,org/10.1007/s42087-018-0038-2
Gartman, David. 2012. “Bourdieu and Adorno: Converging Theories of Culture and Inequalityâ€. Theory and Society, 41 (1) 41-72. DOI 10.1007/s11186-011-9159-z
Davies, Scott & Jessica Rizk. June 2018. The Three Generations of Cultural Capital Research. A Narrative Review. Review of Educational Research. 88 (3) 331-365. DOI: 10.3102/0034654317748423
Odabas, Meltem & Fikret Adaman. 2018. Engaging with Social Networks. The BourdieuBecker Encounter Revisited. Forum for Social Economics, 47 (3-4) 305-321. DOI: 10.1080/07360932.2014.970568
Forchtner, Bernhard & Christian Schneickert. 2016. Collecting Learning in Social Fields: Bourdieu, Habermas, and Critical Discourse Studies. Discourse and Society. 27 (3) 293307. DOI: 10.1177/0957926516630892
King, Hannah, Stephen Crossley, & Roger Smith. 2021. Responsibility, Resilience and Symbolic Power. The Sociological Review 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1177/0038026120986108
Lee, Kangjae Jerry, Rudy Dunlap & Michael B. Edwards. 2014. The Implication of Bourdieu’s Theory of Practice for Leisure Studies. Leisure Sciences, 36 (3) 314-323. DOI: 10.1080/01490400. 2013.857622
Grenfell, Michael. 2014. Pierre Bourdieu: Key Concepts (2nd edition). New York: Routledge
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1998. Practical Reason. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Bourdieu, Pierre & Loic J.D.Wacquant. 1992. An Invitation to Reflexive Sociology. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Bessant, Judith, Sarah Pickard & Rob Watts.2020. Translating Bourdieu into Youth Studies. Journal of Youth Studies, 23 (1) 76-92. DOI:10.1080/13676261.2019.1702633
Collyer, Fran M, et al. 2015. Healthcare Choice: Bourdieu’s Capital, Habitus and Field. Current Sociology Monograph. 63 (5) 685-699. DOI: 10.1177/0011392115590082
Croce, Mariano. 2015. The Habitus and the Critique of the Present: A Wittgensteinian Reading of Bourdieu’s Social Theory. Sociological Theory, 33 (4) 327-346. DOI: 10.1177/0735275115617801.
Edgerton, Jason D., Lance W. Roberts and Tracey Peter. 2013. Disparities in Academic Achievement: Assessing the Role of Habitus and Practice. Social Indicators Research. 114 (2) 303-322. DOI 10.1007/s11205-012-0147-0
Inghilleri, Moira. 2005. The Sociology of Bourdieu and the Construction of the ‘Object’ in Translation and Interpreting Studies. The Translator, 11 (2) 125-145. DOI: 10.1080/13556509.2005.10799195.
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1991. Language and Symbolic Power. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Silva, Elisabeth B. 2016. Habitus: Beyond Sociology. The Sociological Review, 64, 73-92. DOI: 10.1111/1467-954X.12345
Chopra, Rohit. 2003. Neoliberalism as Doxa: Bourdieu’s Theory of the State and the Contemporary Indian Discourse on Globalization and Liberalization. Cultural Studies: 17 (3-4) 419-444. DOI: 10.1080/0950238032000083881
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1977. Outline of a Theory of Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University.
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1990b. The Logic of Practice. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Schindler, Sebastian & Tobias Wille.2015. Change in and through Practice: Pierre Bourdieu, Vincent Pouliot, and the End of the Cold War. International Theory, 7(2) 330359. doi:10.1017/S1752971915000068
Power, Elaine M. 1999. An Introduction to Pierre Bourdieu’s Key Theoretical Concepts. Journal for the Study of Food and Society, 3 (1) 48-52. DOI: 10.2752/152897999786690753
Binder, Geoffrey. 2012. Theory(zing)/Practice: The Model of Recursive Cultural Adaptation. Planning Theory, 11 (3) 221-241. DOI: 10.1177/1473095211433570
Schlerka, Sebastian Matthias. 2019. It’s Time for a Change: A Bourdieusian Approach on Social Change. Time and Society, 28 (3) 1013-1038. DOI: 10.1177/0961463X18778459
O’Brien, Stephen & Mairtin Ó Fathaigh. 2005. Bringing in Bourdieu’s Theory of Social Capital: Renewing Learning Partnership Approaches to Social Inclusion. Irish Educational Studies, 24 (1) 65-76. DOI: 10.1080/03323310500184509
Mu, Guanglun Michael. 2021. Sociologising Resilience through Bourdieu’s Field analysis: Misconceptualisation, Conceptualisation, and Reconceptualisation. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 42 (1) 15-31. DOI: 10.1080/01425692.2020.1847634
Atkinson, Will.2021.Fields and Individuals: From Bourdieu to Lahire and Back Again. European Journal of Social Theory, 24 (2) 195-210. https://doi.org/10.1177/1368431020923281
Nentwich, Julia C., Mustafa F. Ozbilgin & Ahu Tatli. 2015. Change Agency as Performance and Embeddedness: Exploring the Possibilities and Limits of Butler and Bourdieu. Culture and Organization, 21 (3) 235-250. DOI: 10.1080/14759551.2013.851080
Cahill, Kevin M. 2016. The Habitus, Coping Practice, and the Search for the Ground of Action. Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 46 (5) 498-524. DOI: 10.1177/0048393116654664
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1990a. In Other Words. Essays Towards a Reflexive Sociology. California: Stanford University Press.
Zahle, Julie. 2017. Ability Theories of Practice and Turner’s Criticism of Bourdieu. Journal of General Philosophy of Science, 48, 553-567. DOI 10.1007/s10838-0169355-7
Decoteau, Claire Laurier. 2016. The Reflexive Habitus: Critical Realist and Bourdieusian Social Action. European Journal of Social Theory, 19 (3) 303-321. DOI: 10.1177/1368431015590700
Greenfell, Michael. 2010. Being Critical: the Practical Logic of Bourdieu’s Metanoia. Critical Studies in Education. 51 (1) 85-99. DOI: 10.1080/17508480903450240
Pileggi, Mary & Cindy Patton.2003.Introduction: Bourdieu and Cultural Studies. Cultural Studies, 17 (3-4) 313-325. DOI: 10.1080/0950238032000083863
Schatzki, Theodore. 2018. Theory and Conceptual Centrality in Bourdieu. Anthropological Theory, 18 (4) 502-508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1463499618811721
Husu, Hanna-Mari. 2013. Bourdieu and Social Movements: Considering Identity Movements in Terms of Field, Capital and Habitus. Social Movement Studies, 12 (3) 264-279. DOI 10.1080/14742837.2012.704174
Udasmoro, Wening & Saeful Anwar. 2019. Contesting the Social Spaces: Gender Relations of Literary Communities in Yogyakarta and Surakarta. Indonesian Journal of Geography, 51 (3) 346-356. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijg.44165
Ancelovici, Marcos. 2021. Bourdieu in Movement: Toward a Field Theory of Contentious Politics. Social Movement Studies, 20 (2) 155-173. DOI: 10.1080/14742837.2019.1637727
Goldberg, Chad Alan. 2013. Struggle and Solidarity: Civic Republican Elements in Pierre Bourdieu’s Political Sociology. Theory and Society, 42 (4) 369-394. DOI: 10.1007/ s11186-013-9194-z
Julien, Chris.2015. Bourdieu, Social Capital and Online Interaction. Sociology, 49 (2) 356-373. DOI: 10.1177/0038038514535862
Hess, David J. 2011. Bourdieu and Science and Technology Studies: Toward a Reflexive Sociology. Minerva, 49 (3) 333-348. DOI: 10.1007/sl 1024-011-9178-y
Huang, Siaowei. 2019. Understanding Bourdieu – Cultural Capital and Habitus. Review of European Studies, 11 (3) 45-49. doi:10.5539/res.v11n3p45
Ivana, Greti-Iulia. 2017. Fake It Till You Make It: Imagined Social Capital. The Sociological Review, 65 (1) 52-66. DOI: 10.1111/1467-954X.12368
Lo, Ming-Cheng Miriam. 2015. Conceptualising “Unrecognized Cultural Currencyâ€: Bourdieu and Everyday Resistance among the Dominated. Theory and society, 44:125152. DOI 10.1007/s11186-015-9249-4
Barrett, Timothy. 2015. Storying Bourdieu: Fragments toward a Bourdieusian
Approach to “Life Historiesâ€. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 1-10. DOI: 10.1177/1609406915621399
Jæger, Mads Meier. 2011. Does Cultural Capital Really Affect Academic Achievement? New Evidence from Combined Sibling and Panel Data. Sociology of Education, 84 (4) 281-298. DOI: 10.1177/0038040711417010
Samuel, Chris. 2013. Symbolic Violence and Collective Identity: Pierre Bourdieu and the Ethics of Resistance. Social Movement Studies.12 (4) 397-413. DOI: 10.1080/14742837.2013.823345
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1986. “The Forms of Capitalâ€, in J. Richardson (Ed.). Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Udasmoro, Wening. 2018. When the Teens Narrate the Selves in Indonesian Literature: Gender, Subject, and Power. Lingua Cultura. 12 (1) 53-60. DOI: 10.21512/ lc.v12i1.1961
Carré, Louis. 2021. An “Enchanted†or a “Fragmented†Social World? Recognition and Domination in Honneth and Bourdieu. Critical Horizons, 22 (1) 89-109. DOI: 10.1080/14409917.2019.1616481
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1993. Sociology in Question. London: Sage Publications.
Loyal, Steven & Stephen Quilley. 2017. The Particularity of the Universal. Critical Reflections on Bourdieu Theory of Symbolic Power and the State. Theory & Society, 46:429-462. DOI 10.1007/s11186-017-9298-y
Swartz, David L. 1997. Cultures and Power: The Sociology of Pierre Bourdieu. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Matthäus, Sandra. 2017. Towards the Role of Self, Worth, and Feelings in (Re-) Producing Social Dominance. Explicating Pierre Bourdieu’s Implicit Theory of Affect. Historical Social Research, Vol. 42 (4) 75-92. DOI: 10.12759/hsr.42.2017.4.75-92
Maton, Karl. 2008. “Habitusâ€, in Michael Grenfell (ed.). Pierre Bourdieu, Key Concepts. Durham: Acumen.
Kaunang, Hendrikus. P. & Maksimilianus Jemali. 2018. “Local Culture as a Peace Instrument: Lonto Leok Philosophy and Harmony Among Religious Adherents in Manggarai, East Nusa Tenggara†(Proceeding Book of International Symposium on Religious Life (ISRL) 2018: Religion in a Divided, Multicultural World: Moderation, Fragmentation and Radicalization).
Sofjan, Dicky. October 2018. Pancasila and the Dignity of Humankind. International Journal of Interreligious and Intercultural Studies, 1 (1), 1-3. https://doi.org/10.32795/ ijiis.vol1.iss1.2018.82
Venn, Couze. 2020. Historicity, Responsibility, Subjectivity. Subjectivity, 13, 5-38. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41286-020-00090-0
Ignatow, Gabe & Laura Robinson. 2017. Pierre Bourdieu: Theorizing the Digital. Information, Communication & Society, 20 (7) 950-966. DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2017.1301519
Skinner, Robert. 2020. Contesting Forms of Capital: Using Bourdieu to Theorise Why Obstacles to Peace Education Exist in Colombia. Journal of Peace Education, 17 (3) 3346-369. DOI: 10.1080/17400201.2020.1801400
Published
2021-12-26
How to Cite
Jemali, M., Banawiratma, J., & Udasmoro, W. (2021). Hambor as Little Narrative in Managing Conflict and Peace Situation in Manggarai, Flores, East Nusa Tenggara. International Journal of Interreligious and Intercultural Studies, 4(2), 117-141. https://doi.org/10.32795/ijiis.vol4.iss2.2002.2226
Section
Articles
